Fetal anomalies

Abstract

Introduction: The congenital malformations have importance in perinatal mortality. The prevalence in the population is 2 to 3 %, representing 20 to 30% of perinatal deaths. The diagnosis of malformations during the pre-natal care is important to offer the couple appropriate genetic counseling and, when possible, planning the therapy with the options of judicial interruption of pregnancy, intrauterine infection therapies and specialized neonatal care to malformed newborns.
Objective: To determine the clinical profile of pregnant women carrying fetuses with congenital anomaly and to establish the most common organic topographies of anomalies.
Patients and methods: Cross-sectional, prospective study of fetal anomalies at the clinic of fetal anomalies of the department of Gynecology and Obstetrics/HC/UFG. Specialized obstetric ultrasound was done in the period from February 2009 to December 2011. It was raised 192 cases of pregnant women with ultrasound diagnostic of fetal anomalies.
Result: The average maternal age of the pregnant women was 24.59 years. The anomalies of the central nervous system (CNS) were the most prevalent, with 38.54 %; followed by the genitourinary system, 23.44 %; abdominal wall, 9.89 %; locomotor system, 9.89 % and cardiovascular apparatus, 7.29 %. The main gestational age at which the anomaly was found was 28.67weeks.
Conclusion: 1- The profile of pregnant carrier of fetal anomaly is: maternal age of 24.59 years, paternal age 29.42, primigravidae at 41,52 %, with average gestational age of 28.67 weeks, coming from Goiânia 56.1 %. 2- The most common organic topography of anomalies was the SNC (38.54 %), genitourinary system (23.44 %), abdominal wall (9.89 %), locomotor apparatus (9.89 %) and cardiovascular (7.29 %).